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自考 Test 01

I. Word Spelling

1. 形象 n. i
2. 整体的 a. i
3. 改进 v. i
4. 精确的 a. a
5. 材料 n. m
6. 脑力的 a. m
7. 记忆 v. m
8. 气候 n. c
9. 海湾 n. g
10. 大西洋 a. A
11. 平均 n. a
12. 不寻常的 a. u
13. 赤道 n. e
14. 原则 n. p
15. 分类 v. c
16. 任意的 a. r
17. 组织 n. o
18. 心理学 n. p
19. 押韵 n. r
20. 维持 v. p

II. Word Form

21. Actually the moon is one of the (small), and only looks big because it is so near to us.
22. In one study, subjects in one group were asked to learn some words (use) imagery.
23. Organization makes a difference in our ability (remember).
24. For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americans from (discover) by the people of Europe.
25. Beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while (advance) students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.
26. There are several ways in which we can make material more (meaning).
27. How useful would a library be if the books (keep) in random order?
28. Chunking consists of (group) separate bits of information.
29. The rat had to wait a short time before it (release) from its cage.
30. The moon is kept (tie) to the earth by the earth's gravitational pull.

III. Vocabulary and Structure

31. Material that is organized _____ remembered than jumbled information.
A. is better
B. to be better
C. better
D. as better
正确答案是

32. Psychologists study memory and _____ with both animal and human subjects.
A. learn
B. learning
C. to learn
D. learned
正确答案是

33. The moon is one of the _____, and only looks big because it is so near to us.
A. small
B. smaller
C. smallest
D. most small
正确答案是

34. _____ quick, or you'll be late.
A. Be
B. To be
C. You must
D. You should
正确答案是

35. On the average the water is _____ more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few
正确答案是

36. They made more of their mistakes on words that sound _____.
A. like
B. to like
C. likely
D. alike
正确答案是

37. The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World _____ the New.
A. from
B. between
C. for
D. among
正确答案是

38. You look _____ a number in the telephone book before you dial.
A. at
B. into
C. up
D. on
正确答案是

39. Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands _____ they flow.
A. which
B. that
C. near which
D. near that
正确答案是

40. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see _____ words they remembered.
A. that
B. which
C. how
D. why
正确答案是

41. I don't know whether it will rain or not, but if it _____, I shall stay home.
A. is
B. does
C. will
D. to rain
正确答案是

42. All those _____ no class will go to see the match.
A. who have
B. what have
C. have
D. to study
正确答案是

43. They sat together, _____ carefully the design of the building.
A. studying
B. studied
C. and studying
D. to study
正确答案是

44. Suppose you _____ to remember the following list of words.
A. ask
B. are asking
C. are asked
D. to ask
正确答案是

45. Information that does not make any _____ to you is difficult to remember.
A. sight
B. sense
C. scope
D. signal
正确答案是

46. Categorizing is another _____ organization.
A. mean of
B. means of
C. a means of
D. a mean of
正确答案是

47. Meaningfulness _____ memory at all levels.
A. effects
B. effects on
C. affects
D. affects on
正确答案是

48. The part of the moon _____away from the sun appears bright.
A. faces
B. faced
C. face
D. facing
正确答案是

49. The Atlantic Ocean is only half _____ the Pacific.
A. so big as
B. as big as
C. bigger as
D. more bigger than
正确答案是

50. Information in long-term memory can be recalled at a _____ time when it is needed.
A. late
B. later
C. latter
D. letter　
正确答案是

IV. Reading Comprehension

Passage 1

Every American high-school student knows something about college. He knows it is a continuation of study, he knows it will cost money and that this may be a problem, he knows that older people think it is important, and he knows that he cannot just walk into college in the fall as he did when he entered high school.

He may or may not hope, or expect, to go to college, but if he does, depending on how much he wants to, he probably can. At any rate, six out of ten high-school graduates now go to school. Not all of them go immediately -- lack of money, the Armed Forces, an attractive job, illness, any one of a hundred reasons, common and uncommon, may hold some out for a year, or two, or five, but they too will go eventually. Some of them will go to four-year colleges, some to junior colleges, some to technical institutes. And the number will climb. In ten years seven out of ten high-school graduates will go, and in twenty years four out of five.

Although the high-school student may know these general things about colleges, he may not know very much about them in the sense of knowing the way they work, and what they do, and where they fit into a life pattern. Yet these will be necessary matters to him, and he should be concerned with them.

The fact that so many high-school graduates now continue their education suggests that there is a high value on college in American life. And this is so. A young man or a young woman of college age is more or less expected to be going to college simply because that is the best thing to be doing at that age. The expectation is not abstract devotion to education but ordinary common sense based on the values of college. The fact is that the differences, in terms of lifetime experiences, between the average student who goes to college and the average student who does not, are so favorable to college-going student that any student who can reach college owes it to himself to do so.

The word "reach" is important. College is a separate experience. It is optional (可任选的）in the sense that no student is required to go to college as he is required by law -- in most states -- to go to high school. But it is not optional for a student who would like to enter a profession, or who would like to get into the management structure of business or finance, or who would like to enter government service. So a student has no choice but to go to college.

51. Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?
A. Students cannot just walk into college as it is usually far away.
B. high-school graduates must pass an entrance test before they go to college.
C. Most American colleges begin in spring while high schools open in fall.
D. Older people think college is important but young people do not think so.
正确答案是

52. Which of the following is the least possible reason that may hold a high-school graduate out for a number of years before he goes to college?
A. His service in the army.
B. The problem of age.
C. The problem of money.
D. His poor health.
正确答案是

53. What percentage of today's American high-school graduates will eventually go to college?
A. About 60%.
B. About 70%.
C. About 80%.
D. About 90%.
正确答案是

54. The main reason for most high-school graduates to go to college is that _____.
A. they want to devote themselves to higher education of America
B. higher education, in a sense, means better job opportunities
C. college education is their only possible choice
D. they think college is a separate, joyful experience they must learn
正确答案是

55. It is implied but not directed mentioned that _____.
A. in most states a student is required by law to go to high school
B. in some states there is a law that requires every high-school graduate to go to college
C. to go to college is the best thing for a young man of college age to do
D. a high-school education is not enough for those who want to be, for example, doctors, lawyers, managers, or scientists
正确答案是

Passage Two

The person who can see a ship without some feeling of excitement must have very little imagination. Even the idea of leaving the solid land on which most of us were born and brought up, and going out on to the ever-moving waters must rouse in us all some feelings of strangeness. We may remember stories of terrible storms, with waves as high as mountains; and of people from ships which have sunk spending weeks in small boats hundreds of miles from land. But we have also heard of the joy of travelling over calm seas under blue skies, and of the unforgettable excitement of coming, one fine morning, to a new and beautiful land which we have seen only in pictures before.

But ships are not, of course, made chiefly for pleasure: their biggest use is in carrying goods from country to country. If ships did not exist, the British Government would be quite unable to feed the people in the British Isles. Aeroplanes are much too expensive, and there are not enough of them feed even a small country like England. Trains cannot cross seas, and even if they could, the amount of goods they can carry cannot be compared with the amount that ships can In fact, ships can carry more goods than any other means of transport, and can do so     more cheaply; but on the other hand, they are slower than train or aeroplanes.

This slowness means that travellers who want to get somewhere in a hurry and who have not got too much luggage now usually prefer to fly rather than to go by ship. But even for passengers, ships have the advantage of being cheaper than trains or aeroplanes, and also much more comfortable, so that if you want a restful, not too expensive voyage, the ship will suit you best.

Ships have played a very important part in history by making it possible to discover more and more distant parts of our world. Columbus used a ship to discover America about 450 years ago. And even now, ships are used for exploring the Antarctic. It would, in fact, not be too much to say that ships have for thousands of years played one of the most important parts in shaping society.

56. According to the first paragraph, _____.
A. most of us may have some feeling of excitement and strangeness at the idea of going to sea
B. people who were born on the solid land have very little imagination of going to sea
C. travelling in a small boat many miles away from land is a terrible experience
D. the unforgettable excitement usually comes in a fine morning on a beautiful land we see in pictures
正确答案是

57. We learn from the passage that _____.
A. the writer has an unpleasant experience of travelling at sea in a terrible storm
B. most people enjoy travelling over calm seas under clear skies and coming to a new and beautiful land
C. big ships are more dangerous and easier to sink in storms than small boats
D. the writer wants to remind his readers of the feeling of excitement when they first discovered the new land
正确答案是

58. Paragraphs 2 and 3 _____.
A. are mainly about the advantage of ships over other means of transport
B. give the reason why ships are more widely used in Britain than in any other countries
C. make a distinction between ships and trains and aeroplanes
D. support the general idea given in the first paragraph
正确答案是

59. The name of Columbus is mentioned in the last paragraph _____.
A. to explain how America was discovered about 450 years ago.
B. to show that human beings have used ships ever since Columbus' time
C. to indicate that it was Columbus who first used ships to discover distant lands of the world
D. as an example to show the important roles played by ships in history
正确答案是

60. The last sentence of the passage implies that _____.
A. we should not talk too much about ships though they played important parts in shaping society
B. we should not speak too highly of the roles played by ships in history
C. in fact people have not talked about the roles of ships for thousands of years
D. the development of human society has had much to do with the use of ships
正确答案是

V. Cloze Test

It seems quite clearly unjust to pay two people different amounts of money for doing the same work. But it is not as easy as it appears at first 61)_____ to introduce equal pay for equal work.

Two people may be working side 62)_____ side in a factory and doing the same work, but one may be doing it twice as fast as the 63)_____; or one may be making no mistakes, while the other is making 64)_____. In some kinds of work, one can solve the problem of speed if one pays by the amount of work 65)_____ and not by the hour: work paid for in this 66)_____ is called piece-work. But it is not always possible to do this, so it is sometimes useful to pay workers at 67)_____ rates, which take differences in skill into 68)_____. This usually means that the younger and therefore， 69)_____ experienced worker gets less than the 70)_____ and more experienced one, which seems reasonable enough.

61.
A. chance
B. sight
C. place
D. day
正确答案是

62.
A. by
B. to
C. for
D. with
正确答案是

63.
A. work
B. two
C. other
D. others
正确答案是

64.
A. a few
B. a little
C. a lot
D. lots
正确答案是

65.
A. to do
B. doing
C. done
D. to be done
正确答案是

66.
A. way
B. case
C. amount
D. money
正确答案是

67.
A. no
B. same
C. different
D. high
正确答案是

68.
A. account
B. discussion
C. attention
D. action
正确答案是

69.
A. more
B. less
C. very
D. too
正确答案是

70.
A. old
B. older
C. elder
D. better
正确答案是

VI. Translation from Chinese into English

71. 随着现代交通的发展，太平洋似乎变得越来越小。


72. 太平洋将中国与美国隔开。


73. 早期的海员不愿意横跨大西洋航行。


74. 太平洋的水量大得难以想象。


75. 大西洋只有太平洋的一半大。


76. 他喜欢将生词组合成不同的类别后记忆。


77. 不用说，第二个词表比第一个词表更容易记忆。


78. 为了改善记忆，人们需要把记忆的东西组织起来。


79. 她努力将心理学的一些原理应用于英语学习。


80. 形象学能帮助我们记忆一些抽象的概念。


VII. Translation from English into Chinese

Americans love lectures. If you would like to learn about a subject but don't have the time to study it at a university, you can begin to learn about it by attending a lecture. In addition to those given at universities, lectures are offered by church and political groups, international and community organizations, businesses, and other clubs and societies. Lectures are usually free and are advertised through local radio and TV, the mail, or in the newspapers.







　
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